Honing machine



D. T, PEDEN HONING MACHINE May 29, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 6, 1953 .n my f May 29, 1956 D. T. PEDEN I HONING MACHINE y Filed Feb. 6, 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 P Mzi I INVENTOR.

May 29, 1956 D. T. PEDEN 2,747,336

mums MACHINE Filed Feb. 6, 1953 45heets-Sheet 3 62 v E l D i 49 /4. 65 3% 66 55 3/ 1; 5

IN V EN TOR.

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rrox/vzys D. T. PEDEN HONING MACHINE May 29, 1956 4 Sheets-Shea} 4 Filed Feb. 6, 1953 United States Fatent C HONING MACHINE Douglas T. Petlen, Ann Arbor, Mich., assignor to Micromatic Hone Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application February 6, 1953, Serial No. 335,521

Claims. (CI. 51-34) This invention relates to honing machines, and particularly to a honing machine for driving a tool in rotation and reciprocation and for rapid expansion of the stones of the tool into engagement with a cylinder bore wall.

The machine of the present invention is operated by mechanical means for producing the rapid advancement of the stones of the honing tool into engagement with the cylinder wall, the reciprocation and rotation of the honing tool, the feed of the honing stones during the honing operation, and the rapid retraction of the stones after the bore has been machined to a predetermined diameter. While these steps have been practiced heretofore in the art by known types of honing machines, the present machine diifers therefrom in that all of the movements are obtained by mechanical means. A swash plate is employed for reciprocating the spindle which supports the tool while a pulley, driven from the spindle of the swash plate, drives the spindle in rotation. The rotation of a nut having an internal and external thread of opposite hand produces the initial rapid feed of the honing stones into engagement with the wall of the cylin-der bore, while the advancement of a rack for rotating a pinion produces the desired amount of feed of the stones during the honing operation. Sizingmeans may be employed for indicating when the desired bore diameter has been reached, whereupon the reverse rotation of the nut having the internal and external threads of the opposite hand produces the rapid retraction of the stones from the cylinder bore wall.

Accordingly, the main objects of the invention are: to provide a honing machine with a spindle to which the honing tool is rigidly connected and rotated through a pulley and belt connection with a driven spindle which reciprocates the spindle and tool through a swash plate driven thereby; to provide a honing tool having a spindle which is reciprocated and rotated, with a nut having an internal and external thread of the opposite hand which, when rotated, advances the feed mechanism of the honing tool to rapidly move the abrasive stones against the wall of a cylindrical bore and slowly feed the stones outwardly thereafter by rotating a rod within the nut by a rack and pinion mechanism; to provide a honing machine with a swash plate having a spindle and pulley thereon which, when rotated, reciprocates and rotates a honing tool spindle, the feed mechanism of which is initially rapidly actuated to move the honing stones into contact with the surface of the cylindrical bore and which is thereafter continuously fed at a slow rate for producing a machine operation at the end of which the stones are rapidly retracted, and, in general, to provide a mechanically actuated honing machine which is simple in construction, positive in operation and economical of manufacture.

Other objects and features of novelty of the invention will be specifically pointed out or will become apparent when referring, for a better understanding of the invention, to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l is a front view in elevation of a honing machine embodying features of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a broken plan view of the machine illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged, broken view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 3, taken on the line 4-4 thereof;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged, broken sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 3, taken on the line 5-5 thereof;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 5, taken on the line 6-6 thereof;

Fig. 7 is a broken view of structure, similar to that illustrated in Fig. 3, showing another form which the invention may assume;

Fig. 8 is a side view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged, broken sectional view of the tool illustrated in the machine of Fig. l, and

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 4, taken on the line 10-10 thereof.

The honing machine, as illustrated more specifically in Fig. 1, comprises a base 10 having spaced vertical bars 11 extending upwardly therefrom on which the honing mechanism 12 is mounted for vertical adjustment thereon and clamped in adjusted position by screws 13. Below the honing mechanism, a work supporting table 14 is mounted on the bars 11 by the bosses 15 for reciprocation thereon. A rod 16 within the base is connected to the bottom of the table 14, the opposite end being connected to a piston 17 of a cylinder 18 which raises the table to position the work over the honing tool 19. A bellows 21, or rubber of similar material, is secured over the rod 16 and to the table and top of the base for preventing coolant and grinding particles from flowing into the base. A flange 22 about the top edge of the base forms a trough for collecting the coolant and for returning it to tank. A motor and pump assembly 23 delivers the coolant to the honing tool and work .in the conventional manner.

The honing device 12 comprises a housing 24, having bosses thereon which receive the rods 11 for adjustably supporting the device on the machine. The housing has a cavity 25 in which a swash plate 26 is mounted for oscillating movement on a pivot 27, mounted on a shaft 28. The lower end of the shaft is secured in a recess in the housing by a ball bearing 29. The upper end of the shaft is secured by a ball bearing 31 to a cover 32 of the housing, the ball bearing being secured in position by a nut 33 locked in position, after adjustment, by a setscrew 34. An upwardly extending sleeve portion 35 of the shaft 28 has a pair of pulleys 36 and 37 secured thereto. A plate 38 is fixed to the upper end of the sleeve portion 35 of the shaft and a sleeve 39 extends within the sleeve portion 35 for rotation relative thereto. A plate 41 is secured at the upper end of the sleeve 39, being secured thereto by a key 42 secured in position by a setscrew 43. The plate 41 has oppositely disposed elongated arcuate slots 44 through which screws 45 extend into threaded apertures in the plate 38. When the screws 45 are loosened, the plate 41 may be angularly adjusted relative to the plate 38 and thereafter locked into position by the tightening of the screws 45.

The rotation of the sleeve 39 relative to the sleeve 35 rotates a bevel gear 46 to advance a bevel sector 47 which is secured to the swash plate 26, to thereby control the angularity thereof. A screw48, threaded within the shaft 28, draws the sleeve 39 downwardly to maintain the teeth of the gear 46 and sector 47 in tight relation to each other so as to take out any backlash from between the gear teeth. The swash plate 26 comprises a pair of spaced places 49 and 51 spaced by a ring 52 which is secured therebetween by rivets 53, or other means. A block 54 rides between the plates and is spaced outwardly of the ring 52 and provided with a stub shaft 55 extending laterally therethrough. A casing 56 is mounted about an arbor 57,. the casing having a cylindrical boss 58 extending from the side thereof. A collar 59 is mounted on a bearing 61 engaging the boss 58, the bearing having an end flange 62 forming a thrust washer. in Fig. 10 it will be seen that the collar has a pair of diametrically disposed extending arms 63 which are engaged by the ends of the-stub shaft 55. The collar is retained on the boss 58 by a screw 66 and washer 67, the screw being threaded into the end of the boss.

The casing 56 is disposed about a ball bearing 68 which abuts a shoulder on the arbor 57 and which is retained within the housing by a snap ring 69. A nut 71 is abutted against the upper end of the bearing for clamping the inner race tightly upon the arbor, after which the nut is maintained in adjusted position by a lock washer 72. The arbor is mounted for reciprocation within a sleeve bearing 73 disposed in the bottom of the casing 24 and in a sleeve bearing 74 which is fixed to a ball bearing 75 in the cover 32 of the casing. The arbor has a plurality of splines 76 engaging splineways within the bearing 74. In this manner, the arbor is permitted to reciprocate from the collar within the bearings 73 and 74 and rotate in the bearing 73 while the bearing 74 rotates 0 within the ball bearing 75. A pulley 77, which may be of the adjustable type, as illustrated, is keyed to the hearing 74 and is connected by a belt 78 to the pulley 36. The pulley 37 is connected by a belt 79 to a pulley 81 on a motor 82 which is mounted by suitable mounting means 83 to the side of the casing 24. Oil or other lubricant is carried within the casing, from which is may be drained by the removal of a plug 84. The oil is splashed over the bearing and the arbor by the swash plate and forced lubrication is provided to the bearing 73 by the annular well 85 which communicates through one or more passages 86 to an annular groove 87 in communication with the arbor. A sealing ring 88 is mounted within the collar 73 for preventing the lubricant from leaking about the lower end of the arbor.

The upper end of the arbor has a sleeve 89 secured thereon by a nut 91. The sleeve carries a pair of ball bearings 92 within a housing 93, secured therein by a plate 94. Within the arbor a feed mechanism is provided embodying an axially movable rod 95 having a cap 96 mounted on a thrust bearing 97 thereon for permitting free pivotal movement thereof. A nut locks the sleeve 89 on the end of the arbor. The housing 93 has an upwardly extending boss 98 and an outwardly extending boss 99 thereon. The upwardly extending boss 98 has a slot which receives a lever 101 which is secured thereto by a pivot 102. The forward end of the bar has a downwardly projecting finger 103 which engages the top of the cap 96 on the end of the rod 95. The opposite end of the lever 101 extends over the boss 99 in position to be engaged by a finger 104 on the end of a threaded rod 105. A nut 106 has an internal thread engageable by the thread on the rod 105 and an external thread 107 which engages a thread in an aperture in the end of the boss 99. This thread is of the opposite hand to the thread on the shaft 105 and may have a different lead so that when the nut 106 is rotated, the rod 105 will be adjusted axially a proportion of the sum of the leads of the two threads, thereby producing a fast advancement and retraction of the rod 95.

The nut has a forked extension 108 in which a grooved washer 109 extends and through which a rod 111 projects, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3. The rod is carried on a block 112 which is attached to a piston rod 113 on a piston 114 within a cylinder 115. When fluid is admitted to the cylinder 115, the piston is moved outwardly thereof along with the block 112 and rod 111 to thereby rotate the nut 106 and rapidly advance the rod 105 which tilts the bar 101 and forces the rod downwardly. The lower end of the rod 95 is pinned to a head 116 containing a pair of balls 117 which receive the end of an adjusting rod 118 of the tool 19. A spring 121 is disposed about the lower end of the rod 95, the upper end of which abuts against a thrust bearing 122 secured to the rod, the lower end of which rests upon a pin 123 secured to the arbor. A slot 124 in the rod, through which the pin 123 extends, permits the rod to be moved axially downwardly from the position illustrated in Fig. 4 while the spring retains the rod in its upward position.

The tool 19, as illustrated in Fig. 9, is similar to that illustrated, described and claimed in the copending application of Douglas T. Peden, Serial No. 283,604, filed April 22, 1952, which issued as Patent No. 2,694,885, dated November 23, 1954, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention. The tool has a plurality of abrasive stones 125 mounted therein for adjustment by a mechanism 126 which produces the expansion of the stones when the rod 95 is moved downwardly. The adjusting rod 118 on the mechanism 126 has opposite llat portions 127 thereon which permits the connection of the rod 118 with the balls 117 in the cap 116. The tool will not be further described herein since reference is had thereto in the above mentioned copending application.

A feed mechanism 128 is mounted upon the casing 24 for the purpose of slowly advancing and retracting the rod during and after a honing operation. The mechanism is similar to that illustrated, described and claimed in the patent of Douglas T. Peden, No. 2,350,527 issued June 6, 194-4, and assigned to the assignee of the present inven tion. The mechanism embodies a cylinder 129 having pistons 131 therein at each end of a rack 132. The reciprocation of the rack within the cylinder from end to end, as illustrated in Fig. 6, rotates a pinion 134 a limited amount in either direction. The gear is mounted on a shaft 135, which shaft, as illustrated in Fig. 5 is connected by a bevel gear 136 to a bevel gear 137 which is splined to the rod 105. The hand adjustment of the shaft 135 produced through a knob 142 operates the shaft 135 through a suitable clutch connection with a sleeve 141 which provides a drive connection between the rack 132 and the pinion 134. The settings on the dial 143 control the amount of advancement and preferably a less amount of retraction of the stones 125, which thereby takes care of the wear on the stones during each honing operation.

When a workpiece is to be honed, it is mounted on a suitable fixture on the table 14 which is moved upwardly to place the work over the stones 125 of the tool by the operation of the rod in the cylinder 18. Thereafter, the piston 114 of the cylinder is advanced to turn the nut 106, which thereby tilts the bar 101 and moves the rod 95 downwardly, to rapidly advance the stones into engagement with the wall of the bore of the workpiece. The reciprocation and rotation of the arbor 57 and the tool 19 continues and the feed mechanism operates to slowly advance the rod 105 to tilt the bar 101 and move the rod 95 slowly downwardly to feed the stones 125 at a predetermined rate toward the bore wall. When size is reached, either by the predetermined advancement of the stones or by a gauging mechanism normally employed but which is not herein illustrated which measures the diameter of the projected stones to thereby gauge the diameter of the bore, the piston 114 is retracted in the cylinder 115 to return the nut 106 to its original position. This permits the rod 95 to be moved upwardly by the spring 121 which retracts the stones 125 from engagement with the cylinder wall. At the same time, the piston 131 on the opposite end of the rack 132 returns the rack to the opposite side of the cylinder 129, thereby retracting the rod 105 a less amount than it was advanced during the feeding operation, which difference is equal to the amount of abrasive material worn from the-ends of the stones so that the end faces of the stones are returned approximately to the diameter initially had before the honing operation. The rotation and reciprocation of the tool occurs by the driving of the shaft 28 by the belt 79 from the motor 82. The rotation of the shaft 28 and the swash plate 26 produces the reciprocation of the arbor while the rotation thereof is produced through the belt and a pulley drive between the shaft 28 and sleeve 74, as pointed out hereinabove.

Referring to Figures 7 and 8, a modified form of the invention is illustrated, that wherein the machine is the same as above described except that the cylinder 115 for adjusting the nut 106 is eliminated and the adjustment of the nut is produced by a sine bar arrangement between the rod 145 and a ball connection 146 with the nut 106. The rod 145 is mounted on a bracket 147 secured to the frame of the mechanism 12. The rod is secured on the bracket 147 by a pivot 148 and on which it may be angularily adjusted by a nut 149 movable in a slot 151. By the use of the sine bar, the nut is rotated to the right and left, in accordance with the reciprocating movement of the arbor, which thereby expands and retracts the stones of the tool relative to the position thereof within the length of their stroke in reciprocation, which thereby causes a tapered surface to be honed within the bore of the Workpiece. By adjustment of the angularity of the rod 145, the degree of taper which is produced on the surface of the workpiece being honed is controlled.

What is claimed is:

1. In a honing machine, a base, a standard on said base, a casing supported by said standard, a shaft mounted in said casing, a swash plate mounted on said shaft for tilting movement, a pair of pulleys mounted on said shaft, a motor for driving one of said pulleys, an arbor mounted for reciprocation and rotation on said casing, a pulley on said arbor, a belt connecting said arbor pulley to the other pulley on said shaft, means for connecting said swash plate to said arbor for producing the reciprocation thereof, an expansible honing tool on said arbor, a housing carried by said arbor, a rod in said arbor for expanding said tool and adjusting means carried by said housing for operating said rod for producing the expansion of the honing tool.

2. In a honing machine, a base, a standard on said base, a casing supported by said standard, a shaft mounted in said casing, a swash plate mounted on said shaft for tilting movement, a pair of pulleys mounted on said shaft, a motor for driving one of said pulleys, an arbor mounted for reciprocation and rotation on said casing, a pulley on said arbor, a belt connecting said arbor pulley to the other pulley on said shaft, means for connecting said swash plate to said arbor for producing the reciprocation thereof, an expansible honing tool on said arbor, a housing carried by said arbor, a rod in said arbor for expanding said tool, adjusting means carried by said housing for operating said rod for producing the expansion of the honing tool, and means on said adjusting means operable after the workpiece has been advanced over said honing tool for producing the rapid advancement of the adjusting rod and the expansion of the honing tool into engagement with the workpiece.

3. In a honing machine, an arbor, means for driving said arbor in reciprocation and rotation, a honing tool on one end of the arbor, an adjusting rod extending from the other end of said arbor for controlling the expansion and contraction of the honing tool, a housing having a threaded aperture carried by the arbor, a nut having an external thread mated with the thread of said aperture, said nut also having an internal thread of the opposite hand to said external thread, a threaded rod extending through said nut for advancing said adjusting rod when the threaded rod is rotated in the internal thread of the nut, and separate means for turning said nut for producing the rapid advancement of said threaded rod through the action of said external and internal threads of the nut.

3 .4. In a honing machine, an-arbor, means for driving said arbor in reciprocation and rotation, a honing tool on one end of the arbor, an adjusting rod extending from the other end of said arbor for controlling the expansion and contraction of the honing tool, a housing having a threaded aperture carried by the arbor, a nut having an internal and external thread the latter of which is threaded into the thread of said aperture in said housing, a threaded rod in engagement with the internal thread of said nut for advancing said adjusting rod when the threaded rod is rotated, separate means for turning said nut for producing the rapid advancement of said threaded rod, and means for rotating the threaded rod, the external thread of the nut being of the opposite hand from the thread on the interior thereof to thereby produce a more rapid advancement and retraction of the honing tool when the nut is rotated at the beginning and end of the honing operation.

5. In a honing machine, an arbor, means for driving said arbor in rotation and reciprocation, a honing tool on the arbor, means on the arbor for expanding the honing tool, a housing carried by the arbor having a nut thereon the external and internal threads of which are of the opposite hand, said external thread being threaded into a threaded aperture in the housing, a threaded rod within the nut, interconnecting means between the threaded rod and the expanding means by which the latter is advanced by the threaded rod, means for rotating the threaded rod for producing its advancement in the nut, and independent means for rotating the nut for superimposing a further movement on said rod.

6. In a honing machine, an arbor, means for driving said arbor in rotation and reciprocation, a honing tool on the arbor, means on the arbor for expanding the honing tool, a housing carried by the arbor having a nut thereon the external and internal threads of which are of the opposite hand, said housing having a threaded aperture for receiving the external thread of the nut, a threaded rod within the nut, interconnecting means between the threaded rod and the expanding means by which the latter is advanced by the threaded rod, means for rotating the threaded rod for producing its advancement within the nut, and a sine bar for rotating the nut for superimposing a movement to the threaded rod during the reciprocation of the arbor to thereby expand and contract the honing tool during its reciprocation additionally to the feed movement for producing a taper on the inner surface of the bore being honed.

7. In a honing machine, a casing, a shaft mounted in said casing for rotation, a swash plate mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith, means within said shaft for adjusting the angularity of the swash plate relative to the shaft, a pair of pulleys mounted on said shaft, means for driving one of said pulleys, an arbor mounted on said casing for reciprocation and rotation, means for driving said arbor in rotation from said other pulley, a connection between said arbor and swash plate for producing the reciprocation of said arbor, a honing tool supported on said arbor, an axially movable rod within the arbor for expanding the honing tool, a housing carried by said arbor, a boss on the arbor having a thread therein, a rotatable feed rod within said thread for moving said axially movable rod Within the arbor for adjusting the diameter of thice1 honing tool, and feed means for rotating said threaded ro 8. In a honing machine, a casing, a shaft mounted in said casing for rotation, a swash plate mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith, means within said shaft for adjusting the angularity of the swash plate relative to the shaft, a pair of pulleys mounted on said shaft, means for driving one of said pulleys, an arbor mounted on said casing for reciprocation and rotation, means for driving said arbor in rotation from said other pulley, a connnection between said arbor and swash plate for producing the reciprocation of said arbor, a honing tool supported. on said arbor, an axially movable rod within the arbor for expanding the honing tool, a housing carried by said arbor, a boss on the arbor having a thread there-' in,,a rotatable feed rod Within said thread for moving said axially movable rod within the arbor for adjusting the diameter of the honing tool, feed means for rotating said threaded rod, the thread of the housing into which the threaded rod engages being disposed on the inner surface of a nut the outer surface of which contains'a thread which is disposed on the opposite hand to that on the rod and directly mating with the thread in the boss, and means for rotating said nut at the beginning of the honing operation to rapidly advance the axially movable rod independent of the rotation of the threaded rod.

9. In a honing machine, a casing, a shaft mounted in said casing for rotation,-a swash plate mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith, means within said shaft for adjusting the angularity of the swash plate relative to the shaft, a pair of pulleys mounted on said shaft, means for driving one of said pulleys, an arbor mounted on said casing for reciprocation and rotation, means for driving said arbor in rotation from said other pulley, a connection between said arbor and swash plate for producing the reciprocation of said arbor, a honing tool supported on said arbor, an axially movable rod within the arbor for expanding the honing tool, a housing carried by said arbor, a boss on the arbor having a thread therein, a ro- 'tatable feed rod within said thread for moving said axially movable rod within the arbor for adjusting the diameter of the honing tool, feed means for rotating said threaded rod, the thread of the housing into which the threaded rod engages being disposed on the inner surface of a nut the outer surface of which contains a thread which is disposed on the opposite hand to that on the rod and directly mating with the thread in the boss, and means forrotating said nut at the beginning of the honing operation to rapidly advance the axially movable rod independent of the rotation of the threaded rod, said means for rotating the nut embodying an angularly adjustable sine bar for turning the nut in opposite directions as the arbor reciprocates to superimpose an expanding and contracting movement to the honing tool additionally to the feed movement provided by the rotation of the threaded rod to thereby produce a tapered surface in the bore being honed.

10. In a honing machine, a base, a standard on said base, a casing supported by said standard, a shaft mounted in said casing, a. swash plate mounted on said shaft for tilting movement, a pair of pulleys mounted on said shaft, a motor for driving one of said pulleys, an arbor mounted for reciprocation and rotation on said casing, a pulley on said arbor, a belt connecting said arbor pulley to the other pulley on said shaft, means on said arbor for supporting a honing tool thereon, a rod in said arbor movable axially to expand and contract said honing tool, a pivoted bar on said machine one end of which engages said rod, and adjusting means on said machine engageable with theopposite end of said bar for producing the adjustment of said rodthrough the tilting of said bar.

.Strnad Sept. 7, 1954 

